报告题目：Quantum limits of super-resolution and a priori information

单　  位：Laboratoire PhLAM, Université de Lille 1

报 告 人： Mikhail I. Kolobov

时　  间：2009年8月21日（周五）上午10:00

地　  点： 缘源 溢智厅

报告摘要：

　  Quantum imaging is a new branch of quantum optics which studies the ultimate quantum performance limits in optical imaging. In a series of recent papers we have formulated a quantum theory of super-resolution for one- and two-dimensional optical imaging systems under assumption of coherent illumination. Our approach is based on decomposition of the optical object and image amplitudes over the eigenfunction or eigenmodes of the optical system under investigation. For abberation-free one-dimensional paraxial systems these eigenfunctions are the linear prolate spheroidal functions, while for the two-dimensional rotationally-symmetric systems these are the circular prolate spheroidal functions.

　  In the framework if the modern Fourier optics the resolving power of an optical system is characterized by its spatial-frequency transmission band. Classical super-resolution is an attempt to restore the spatial Fourier components of the object outside the transmission band of the system. Such super-resolution is possible when one has some a priori information about the object, for example, that the object has a finite size.

In this talk we shall formulate the standard quantum limit of super-resolution and demonstrate that one can go beyond this limit using spatially multimode squeezed light. We shall present the latest results for the quantum limits of super-resolution in imaging of discrete sub-wavelength structures. In particular, we will demonstrate that the standard quantum of super-resolution for this type of structures is much higher than that for continuous objects for the same signal-to-noise ratio. This is due to the higher amount of the a priori information. Finally, we shall discuss possible applications of our theory in coherent optical imaging with two-dimensional focal-plane arrays, and in the readout of optical discs with sub-wavelength structures.